Connecting large-scale generation and storage projects to regional transmission grids demands deep expertise, seamless ISO coordination, and bullet-proof engineering deliverables. Keentel Engineering has supported clients across PJM, ERCOT, WECC and NYISO with end-to-end Point-of-Interconnection (POI) services—from feasibility studies and dynamic modeling to protection scheme design and final energization. Our proven approach minimizes RFIs, accelerates commercial operation dates, and ensures first-time ISO acceptance, making us the go-to partner for renewable, storage, and hybrid projects seeking reliable, compliant transmission access.
Case Study 1: PJM 230 kV POI Interconnection for 250 MW Solar + Storage
Client: Confidential Renewable Developer
Scope: Full POI engineering for a 250 MW solar PV + BESS interconnection to a 230 kV PJM transmission line.
Services Provided:
- PJM Feasibility, System Impact (SIS) & Facilities studies review
- PSSE v35 dynamic and short-circuit model development per PJM modeling guide
- Reactive capability verification at the POI
- One-line diagrams, relay protection schemes & switching plans
- Relay setting design for PRC-019, PRC-024 & PRC-025 compliance
Key Challenges:
- Tight voltage regulation and transient stability criteria from PJM TOs
- Aggressive coordination schedule with PJM and neighboring utilities
Results:
- PJM accepted all dynamic & short-circuit models on first submission
- Facilities Study finalized ahead of plan—mitigating COD risk
- POI energized & commissioned successfully on first attempt
- Keentel named preferred POI partner for future PJM projects
Case Study 2: ERCOT 345 kV POI Support for 300 MW Wind Expansion
Client: Confidential Wind Developer
Scope: POI interconnection of a 300 MW wind farm expansion into the ERCOT 345 kV network under the ERCOT Resource Interconnection Handbook (RIN).
Services Provided:
- PSSE model creation & TSAT dynamic-model validation to ERCOT DWG requirements
- Steady-state, dynamic stability & short-circuit data packages
- RFI responses and coordination with ERCOT Planning & TSP
- Protection package design per ERCOT Nodal Operating Guide Sec. 2
- ICCP point-mapping for telemetry compliance
Key Challenges:
- ERCOT’s fast-frequency-response (FFR) validation under evolving grid conditions
- Integrating legacy and new turbine models in a unified hybrid-code base
Results:
- Zero RFI follow-ups after initial package review—a rare achievement
- Dynamic-model certification granted ahead of schedule
- Client entered ERCOT market on time, with no penalties or delays
Case Study 3: WECC 230 kV POI for 150 MW PV + 75 MW/300 MWh BESS Hybrid
Client: Confidential Renewable Developer
Scope: POI interconnection engineering for a 225 MW hybrid solar + BESS project into WECC’s 230 kV transmission.
Services Provided:
- Dynamic models (PSSE & PSCAD) per WECC Modeling & Validation Subcommittee (MVWG) standards
- Harmonic analysis & Sub-Synchronous Resonance (SSR) risk assessment
- Electromagnetic transient (EMT) studies on inverter switching impacts
- SCADA/RTU signal list development & point-to-point testing support
Key Challenges:
- WECC’s rigorous review of IBR models and fast-transient behavior
- SSR studies necessity due to series-compensated transmission lines
Results:
- EMT modeling report approved without major comments
- Achieved full PRC-024, PRC-019 & PRC-027 compliance
- Preemptive modeling saved client millions in potential cost overruns
Case Study 4: NYISO 138 kV POI Interconnection for 120 MW Wind Farm
Client: Confidential Wind Developer
Scope: End-to-end POI interconnection for a 120 MW wind farm tying into 138 kV NYISO system under the NYISO Generator Interconnection Process (GIP).
Services Provided:
- PSSE steady-state & dynamic models per NYISO submission requirements
- Technical appendices for FERC LGIA (Appendix C – Facilities Study)
- Protection coordination plan aligned with NYISO & TO philosophies
- Short-circuit contribution review & relay coordination studies
Key Challenges:
- NYISO’s stringent voltage & frequency ride-through criteria
- Complex stakeholder coordination among the developer, NYISO, and TO
Results:
- First-round acceptance of full model submittal—no resubmissions required
- Finalized Interconnection Agreement terms without material changes
- Substation build-out and energization completed on original timeline
- Client engaged Keentel for ongoing O&M engineering support
Discover more about our Generation Interconnection Support Services for ISO-wide POI expertise.
Ready to Accelerate Your POI Connection?
Contact Keentel Engineering today for end-to-end Point-of-Interconnection support—feasibility studies, dynamic modeling, protection design, and final energization.
📞 813-389-7871
📧 contact@keentelengineering.com
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